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E-Laas (NCN – JPI Urban Europe)

Opublikowano: 14.10.2024 11:50

Energy-optimised urban logistics as a service

Acronym: E-Laas

Programme name: ERA-NET Cofund Urban Accessibility and Connectivity (ENUAC China Call) organised by JPI Urban Europe and National Natural Science Foundation of China

Institution financing the Polish part of the project: National Science Centre (NCN)

International consortium:

Chalmers University of Technology (Sweden, leader),
Shanghai University (China, leader),
Tsinghua University (China),
Warsaw University of Technology

Cooperating partners:

Stockholms stad, Trafikkontoret (Sweden),
ParkUnload (Spain),
Metropolis GZM (Poland),
Shanghai Urban-Rural Construction and Transportation Department (China),
Volvo Group Trucks Technology and Operations (Sweden)

Total project value: 551 809,01 € (ca. 2 593 500 PLN)

National Science Centre (NCN) funding value: 878 107,00 PLN

Project duration: 2023 - 2026

Project manager at the Warsaw University of Technology: Emilian Szczepański, Ph.D., Associate professor, Department of Transport Systems Engineering and Logistics

Description:

The E-Laas project proposes an innovative and integrated approach to energy usage by a multimodal urban logistics system. Urban delivery systems will be compared in terms of energy consumption, modal shift with micro distribution platforms, and innovative approaches to combine freight vehicle charging and parking. An assessment framework based on energy estimation enables a systematical and natural definition of sustainability targets. The primary goal of the E-Laas project is to create an innovative platform for minimising energy consumption in the distribution process from consolidation centres to customers' doors, facilitating energy savings at every distribution level. Furthermore, energy as a quantitative indicator enables the juxtaposition of different modular solutions through an interwoven energy footprint.

The project's objectives include the development of substantive contributions to sustainable urban and community development, new universal logistics methods, digital and physical infrastructure concepts for sustainable transport solutions, and methodologies for developing sustainable and climate-policy-compliant urban logistics systems.

The following results are presumed:

development of energy-optimal urban logistics solutions with their quantitative characterisation by energy consumption,
development of intelligent multimodal and energy-optimised micro-delivery systems,
analysis of disturbances in city logistics tasks and proposals for reconfiguration solutions to regain energy optimality,
co-organisation of delivery services and unloading zones through the infrastructure of charging stations and the energy grid, taking into account innovative charging principles and the impact of energy prices on delivery costs,
quantification of freight transport demand and analysis of customer behaviour, analysis of digital and physical components and the holistic concept of logistics as a service,
concepts for scalable, multimodal and energy-optimal distribution systems,
development of new ways for E-Laas to enhance social responsibility.

Project co-funded by the National Science Centre within the framework of the ERA-NET Cofund Urban Accessibility and Connectivity

Funding institutions

Consortium

More information

E-Laas webpage at Chalmers University of Technology

Outputs of the Polish contribution to the E-Laas project:

The project “Energy-Optimal Urban Logistics as a Service” (E-Laas) concerned the development of methods, models and tools supporting the design and assessment of energy-efficient urban logistics systems. The Polish part of the project, carried out by Warsaw University of Technology – Faculty of Transport, focused on the analysis of urban freight flows, modelling of energy consumption and pollutant emissions, stakeholder surveys, microsimulation of last-mile processes, and the preparation of recommendations for sustainable urban logistics planning.

The main outcomes of WUT research were achieved in the following areas:

Development of scenarios and reference cases for urban logistics analyses, in particular for the GZM area.
Identification of data sources, information gaps and assumptions for survey-based and simulation-based research.
Analysis of courier service recipients’ preferences, parcel locker users’ behaviour and the perspective of urban logistics stakeholders.
Assessment of energy consumption and pollutant emissions based on a transport model and emission modelling tools.
Development and application of simulation models for last-mile deliveries, including courier deliveries, parcel lockers and drones.
Development of an approach for transferring microsimulation results between similar traffic analysis zones.
Preparation of conclusions for urban policies (SULP), delivery planning and urban logistics infrastructure.
Dissemination of research results and knowledge transfer.

As a result of the Polish part of the project, the measurable outputs include reports, scientific articles, datasets, conference presentations, as well as the organization of and participation in workshops and industry events.

2. Internal E-Laas reports (tasks carried out by WUT)

WP0:D0.1 Updating state of the art based on a review of the scientific literature and analysis of reports and other sources
WP0:D0.2 Development of a set of attributes characterizing the scenario and the reference case
WP0:D0.3 Identified scenarios of logistics systems, Inventory of reference cases with description
WP0:M0 Repository of cases characterizing logistic system scenarios
WP2:D2.1 Assumptions for questionnaire and simulation research
WP2:D2.2 Synthetic knowledge of the needs of potential E-Laas users and identified user preferences regarding the services offered
WP2:D2.3 Simulation model with indicators of the energy assessment of distribution systems in the relation between the logistics centre and the cust...
WP2:M2 Decision on the appropriateness of Sustainable Urban Logistics Policies (SULP) emulated in WP2 and select the most important inhibitors to reach E-Laas objectives
WUT contribution report for WP1, WP3, WP4, WP5, WP6

3. Scientific publications

3.1. Articles in scientific journals

Izdebski, M. (2023). Risk management in the allocation of vehicles to tasks in transport companies using a heuristic algorithm. Archives of Transport, 67(3), 139–153. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.7463
Szczepański, E., Jachimowski, R., & Rudyk, T. (2024). Simulation studies of fleet vehicle selection in terms of pollutant emissions. Combustion Engines, 196(1), 80–88. https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-169802
Kłodawski, M., Jachimowski, R., & Chamier-Gliszczyński, N. (2024). Analysis of the overhead crane energy consumption using different container loading strategies in urban logistics hubs. Energies, 17(5), 985. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17050985
Lasota, M., Zabielska, A., Jacyna, M., Gołębiowski, P., Żochowska, R., & Wasiak, M. (2024). Method for delivery planning in urban areas with environmental aspects. Sustainability, 16(4), 1571. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16041571
Paszkowski, J., & Żochowska, R. (2025). Method of estimation of car trips induced to pick up parcels from parcel lockers. Archives of Transport, 75(3), 205–223. https://doi.org/10.61089/aot2025.dc8mxg43
Szczepański, E. (2025). Designing and evaluating sustainable urban logistics plans within a stakeholder-based framework. Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska, 27, 652–666. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2025.052
Paszkowski, J., Szczepański, E., & Murawski, J. (2025). Environmental impact assessment of urban freight transport based on macroscopic traffic modelling. Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska, 27, 746–766. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2025.060
Murawski, J. (2025). Logistics market stakeholders in the context of sustainable development and ESG. Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska, 27, 837–854. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2025.067

3.2. Publications in conference proceedings and book chapters

Paszkowski, J., Murawski, J., & Gao, J. (2025). Scaling traffic behaviour: Traffic analysis zones clustering using traffic motivation data – Estimating the optimal cluster quantity. In 2025 9th International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/MT-ITS68460.2025.11223546 . (preprint)
Szczepański, E., Paszkowski, J., Jacyna, M., Wang, K., & Gao, J. (2025). Scaling urban logistics microsimulation: Traffic analysis zone similarity assessment to estimate simulation results. In X. Qu, W. Zhang, Y. Liu, & Y. Yan (Eds.), Proceedings of the 14th Asia-Pacific Conference on Transportation and the Environment (APTE 2025) (pp. 24–34). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-972-8_4
Izdebski, M., & Jacyna, M. (2025). Predictive models of energy expenditure of electric delivery vehicles in urban service enterprises. In X. Qu, W. Zhang, Y. Liu, & Y. Yan (Eds.), Proceedings of the 14th Asia-Pacific Conference on Transportation and the Environment (APTE 2025) (pp. 199–211). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-972-8_19
Kłodawski, M., Lewczuk, K., & Gao, J. (2025). Last-mile delivery energy consumption: Insights from a simulation-based analysis. In X. Qu, W. Zhang, Y. Liu, & Y. Yan (Eds.), Proceedings of the 14th Asia-Pacific Conference on Transportation and the Environment (APTE 2025) (pp. 176–187). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-972-8_17
Murawski, J., & Paszkowski, J. (2026). Customer preferences for courier services in Poland – Results of survey research. In G. Sierpiński, S. Naumann, & E. Macioszek (Eds.), Transport systems development – Methods and solutions. TSTP 2025. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Vol. 1789. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-14826-1_10. (preprint)

3.3. Publications submitted to journals/publishers or in preparation

Kłodawski, M. The use of UAVs in Last-Mile Logistics: opportunities, constraints and potential benefits of Autonomous Drone Delivery Systems (ADDS). Chapter in a scientific monograph.
Cong, S., Zhang, W., Wang, K., Kulcsár, B., & Jacyna, M. Shaping the future of transit: Innovations and prospects of intelligent connected bus systems. Review article.
Murawski, J., Szczepański, E., Kulcsar, B., Jacyna, M., Wu, J., Zhou, F., Wang, K., Zhang, W. Advancements in Electric Vehicle Routing Problems: A systematic review of research trends. Review article.
Lewczuk, K., Kłodawski, M. Event-driven microsimulation for energy assessment of multi-mode urban last-mile logistics systems. Research article.
Jachimowski, R., Szczepański, E., Liebuvienė, J., Jokubynienė, V., Kardas-Cinal, E., & Izdebski, M. Multi-level package distribution system based on rail transport, BDF swap bodies, and zero-emission last-mile logistics. Research article.
Kotylak, P., Jacyna, M., Wasiak, M., Żak, J., Kulcsár, B. EV charging station energy pricing strategy for changing environmental conditions using a simulation model. Research article.
Jacyna, M., Guze, S., Żochowska, R., Jaskowski, P., Kulcsár, B., Koniak, M., Franke-Wąsowski, P. Supply chain resilience in urban logistics network in terms of disruptions – a systemic approach using Semi-Markov model. Research article.
Tomaszewska, J., Izdebski, M., Jacyna-Gołda, I., Gołda, P. Effectiveness of Methods for Forecasting Energy Expenditure of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Last-Mile Logistics. Research article.
Szczepański, E. Metodyka wspomagania decyzji w zakresie kształtowania planów zrównoważonej logistyki miejskiej z wykorzystaniem symulacji wieloskalowej. Scientific monography.
Clustering-Based estimation of Last-Mile Delivery KPIs across Traffic Analysis Zones. Research article.
System dynamics for APM-based last mile logistics analysis. Research article.

4. Datasets

5. Speeches, presentations and events

5.1. Presentations at scientific conferences

Energy-efficient City Logistics - Szczepański, E., Żochowska, R., Zhou, F., Zhuge, D.; presentations and discussion panel moderated by Lewczuk, K.; 12th International Scientific and Technical Conference “Logistic Systems – Theory and Practice” / LSTP 2023; 3–5 September 2023; Warsaw–Józefów, Poland.
Wybrane metody modelowania logistyki miejskiej - Szczepański, E., Paszkowski, J., Kłodawski, M.; presentation; 8th National Scientific and Technical Conference “Modelling 2024 – Travel Modelling and Traffic Forecasting” 6–7 June 2024; Kraków, Poland.
Energy management in urban logistics - Szczepański, E., Murawski, J., Jacyna, M.; presentation; 13th International Scientific and Technical Conference “Logistic Systems – Theory and Practice” / LSTP 2024; 1–3 September 2024; Warsaw, Poland.
The impact of intermodal train loading strategies on crane energy consumption - Kłodawski, M., Jachimowski, R., Nehring, K.; presentation; 13th International Scientific and Technical Conference “Logistic Systems – Theory and Practice” / LSTP 2024; 1–3 September 2024; Warsaw, Poland.
Model regions in urban logistics modelling - Paszkowski, J., Szczepański, E.; presentation; 13th International Scientific and Technical Conference “Logistic Systems – Theory and Practice” / LSTP 2024; 1–3 September 2024; Warsaw, Poland.
The problem of EV routing in terms of energy consumption optimization - Murawski, J., Szczepański, E.; presentation; 13th International Scientific and Technical Conference “Logistic Systems – Theory and Practice” / LSTP 2024; 1–3 September 2024; Warsaw, Poland.
Microsimulation as a tool for modelling urban logistics - Kłodawski, M., Lewczuk, K.; presentation; 13th International Scientific and Technical Conference “Logistic Systems – Theory and Practice” / LSTP 2024; 1–3 September 2024; Warsaw, Poland.
Ocena efektywności wykorzystania konwojów ciężarówek w aspekcie dostaw ostatniego kilometra - Szczepański, E.; poster; LIII Winter School of Reliability 2025; 6–11 January 2025; Szczyrk, Poland.
Estimating car travel demand associated with parcel locker pickups - Paszkowski, J.; presentation; International Symposium SMUS 2025: Sustainable Mobility in Urban Space: Integrating Engineering, Environmental and Social Responsibility; 16 May 2025; Kraków, Poland.
Scaling Urban Logistics Microsimulation: Traffic Analysis Zone Similarity Assessment to Estimate Simulation Results - Szczepański, E., Paszkowski, J., Jacyna, M., Wang, K., Gao, J.; presentation; 14th Asia-Pacific Conference on Transportation and the Environment / APTE 2025; 9–11 August 2025; Hangzhou, China.
Predictive Models of Energy Expenditure of Electric Delivery Vehicles in Urban Service Enterprises - Izdebski, M., Jacyna, M.; presentation; 14th Asia-Pacific Conference on Transportation and the Environment / APTE 2025; 9–11 August 2025; Hangzhou, China.
Last-Mile Delivery Energy Consumption: Insights from a Simulation-Based Analysis - Kłodawski, M., Lewczuk, K., Gao, J.; presentation; 14th Asia-Pacific Conference on Transportation and the Environment / APTE 2025; 9–11 August 2025; Hangzhou, China.
Sustainable logistics in Polish cities – An overview of transport policies - Murawski, J., Franke-Wąsowski, P.; presentation; International Scientific Conference “Transport of the 21st Century”; 2–5 September 2025; Ryn, Poland.
Multi-domain microsimulation for evaluating energy efficiency in last-mile distribution - Lewczuk, K., Kłodawski, M.; presentation; International Scientific Conference “Transport of the 21st Century”; 2–5 September 2025; Ryn, Poland.
Macroscopic simulation-based assessment of energy consumption and pollutant emissions in an urban logistics system - Paszkowski, J., Szczepański, E.; presentation; International Scientific Conference “Transport of the 21st Century”; 2–5 September 2025; Ryn, Poland.
Analiza symulacyjna energochłonności dostaw ostatniej mili - Lewczuk, K., Kłodawski, M.; plenary session; International Scientific Conference “Transport of the 21st Century”; Ryn, Poland.
Customer Preferences for Courier Services in Poland – Results of Survey Research - Murawski, J., Paszkowski, J.; presentation; 21st Scientific and Technical Conference Transport Systems Theory & Practice / TSTP 2025; 9–10 September 2025; Katowice, Poland.
Scaling traffic behaviour: Traffic Analysis Zones clustering using traffic motivation data – Estimating the optimal cluster quantity - Paszkowski, J., Murawski, J., Gao, J.; presentation; 9th International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems / MT-ITS 2025; 8–10 September 2025; Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
Research on implementing sustainable urban logistics measures in Poland - Paszkowski, J.; presentation; European Transport Conference 2025; 17–19 September 2025; Antwerp, Belgium.
The use of UAVs in Last-Mile Logistics: Opportunities, Constraints and Potential Benefits of Autonomous Drone Delivery Systems - Kłodawski, M.; presentation; 2nd Conference Autonomous Transport; 9 December 2025; Gdynia, Poland.
Wielokryterialny model lokalizacji obiektów magazynowych z uwzględnieniem aspektów zrównoważonego rozwoju - Murawski, J., Franke-Wąsowski, P.; poster; LIV Winter School of Reliability 2026; 4–10 January 2026; Szczyrk, Poland.

5.2. E-Laas workshops

I. Warsaw, Poland; 20–21 August 2024

Macroscopic modelling of the urban logistics – reference zones - Paszkowski, J.; presentation; E-Laas Workshops; 20–21 August 2024; Warsaw, Poland.
Microsimulation with FlexSim for urban logistics - Lewczuk, K.; presentation; E-Laas Workshops; 20–21 August 2024; Warsaw, Poland.

II. Hangzhou, China; 10 August 2025

Analysis of urban logistics’ environmental impact using macrosimulation in PTV Visum - Paszkowski, J., Murawski, J.; presentation; E-Laas Workshops; 10 August 2025; Hangzhou, China.
Simulation-based optimization for efficient last-mile service design – a microsimulation perspective in the FlexSim environment - Lewczuk, K., Kłodawski, M.; presentation; E-Laas Workshops; 10 August 2025; Hangzhou, China.

III. Gothenburg, Sweden; 16–19 March 2026

Automated warehouse installation in last-mile delivery: micro-fulfilment centres and beyond - Lewczuk, K.; presentation; E-LAAS Spring 2026 – Workshop & Meeting; 16–19 March 2026; Gothenburg, Sweden.
Microsimulation modelling of energy consumption in last-mile deliveries - Jachimowski, R.; presentation; E-LAAS Spring 2026 – Workshop & Meeting; 16–19 March 2026; Gothenburg, Sweden.
Traffic analysis zone clustering for the urban logistic traffic scaling - Szczepański, E., Murawski, J.; presentation; E-LAAS Spring 2026 – Workshop & Meeting; 16–19 March 2026; Gothenburg, Sweden.

5.3. Industry, expert and popularisation events

Project presentation: Energy optimal urban Logistics As A Service (E-Laas) - Szczepański, E.; presentation; E-Laas Workshops; 20 August 2024; Warsaw, Poland.
General overview of WUT works in E-Laas - Szczepański, E.; presentation; E-Laas Workshops; 20 August 2024; Warsaw, Poland.
Energetycznie optymalna logistyka jako usługa - Szczepański, E.; presentation; Conference „Przyszłość Branży TSL – Synergia Nauki, Technologii i Biznesu”, MT TSL 2025; 9 April 2025; Nadarzyn, Poland.
Energetycznie optymalna logistyka miejska - Szczepański, E.; presentation; XI Cargo Bike Festival; 13 September 2025; Warsaw, Poland.
Symulacyjna analiza energochłonności dostaw ostatniej mili. Czy zastosowanie dronów to jedynie wizja, czy już realna alternatywa? - Kłodawski, M.; presentation; Logistics conference „Nowoczesna logistyka – kierunki rozwoju i wyzwania przyszłości” at the Sectoral Skills Centre in Logistics; 2 December 2025; Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland.
Modelowanie emisji zanieczyszczeń w programie PTV Visum i dodatku COPERT: zajęcia dydaktyczne na kierunku Transport - Paszkowski, J.; presentation; PTV Group Polska Users’ Meeting 2026; 24–25 March 2026; Warsaw, Poland.
Automatyczne obiekty magazynowe w ostatniej mili – micro-fulfilment centers - Lewczuk, K.; presentation; Conference „Innowacje w logistyce i produkcji”; 21 April 2026; Lublin, Poland.
Wykorzystanie bezzałogowych statków powietrznych w dostawach ostatniej mili - Kłodawski, M.; presentation; Conference „Innowacje w logistyce i produkcji”; 21 April 2026; Lublin, Poland.

5.4. Conference panels dedicated to E-Laas

Energy-efficient City Logistics – E-Laas - conference panel; moderator: Lewczuk, K.; participants/speakers: Szczepański, E., Żochowska, R., Zhou, F., Zhuge, D.; 12^th International Scientific and Technical Conference “Logistic Systems – Theory and Practice” / LSTP 2023; 5 September 2023; Warsaw–Józefów, Poland.
Efektywna energetycznie logistyka jako usługa miejska – E-Laas project panel- conference panel; moderator: Szczepański, E.; 13th International Scientific and Technical Conference “Logistic Systems – Theory and Practice” / LSTP 2024; 2 September 2024; Warsaw, Poland.
E-Laas Energy-Optimal Urban Logistics as a Service – conference panel; moderator: Szczepański, E.; Międzynarodowa Konferencja Naukowa „Transport XXI wieku”; 5 September 2025; Ryn, Poland.

5.5. Events organised by JPI Urban Europe under ENUAC

Project presentation: Energy optimal urban Logistics As A Service (E-Laas) - Zhou, F., Szczepański, E.; presentation; ERA-NET Urban Accessibility and Connectivity Joint Meeting & 15minC Agora Thematic Dialogue / ENUAC Sino-European Kick-off Joint Meeting; 15–17 May 2023; Bucharest, Romania; remote participation.
Participation in the PhD & Postdoc Presentations session within the E-Laas project - Paszkowski, J.; participation without presentation; ENUAC Sino-European Winter Academy; 26–27 November 2025; Groningen, the Netherlands.

E-Laas (NCN – JPI Urban Europe)

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